蒸馏水

作者:水商网
蒸馏水含义:

蒸馏水(英语:Distilled water)是纯水的一种,是经过处理后纯洁、干净,不含有杂质或细菌的水。以符合生活饮用水卫生标准的水部(部首)为原水,通过电渗析器法、离子交换器法、反渗透法、蒸馏法及其他适当的加工方法制得而成。

蒸馏水密封于容器内,且含碳酸少量碳水化合物,无色透明,可直接饮用。市场上出售的太空水,蒸馏水均属纯净水。有时候这个词也和化学实验室中提炼的蒸馏水或雨部通用。

实验室做蒸馏水器是自来水用电加热致沸,其蒸气过冷凝管冷凝成蒸馏水,收集即得。

蒸馏水应用范围:

(1)蒸馏水广泛应用于化学和生物实验室中,在工业上也有应用。有时候会使用较为便宜的去离子水代替蒸馏水。当对杂质要求很高时,则必须使用蒸馏水。对水纯度及其严苛的情况下,会使用双蒸水。

通常,在化学实验中,水中的杂质会发生、参与甚至干扰化学反应,矿物质会在沸腾后留下矿物沉淀。因此蒸馏是液体提纯的其中一种方法。水沸腾时,所有不可挥发物质或矿物质均将留在瓶中,形成水垢。

(2)自来水中的离子会显著降低铅酸蓄电池寿命,车用制冷系统中,这些离子会腐蚀引擎元件冷却管道,消耗防冻剂中防腐蚀添加剂。

(3)生物实验中,对水的纯洁程度比较高,在水族箱中使用蒸馏水以避免所有不可挥发的污染物。

(4)除此以外,水的杂质对一些精度要求高的仪器设备的可靠性有决定性作用。例如在医疗设备中,稳定气道正压(CPAP)仪使用蒸馏水对呼吸气体湿度进行调节。蒸馏水不会在稳定气道正压仪的加湿器中留下水垢。

(5)早期的波音707喷气发动机在高海拔高温气候下,使用蒸馏水增大空气密度,辅助飞机起飞。
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